Cytocompatibility assessment of an anaerobic adhesive for use in implant dentistry: An in vitro study

Abstract

Background: This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of anaerobic adhesive and its impact on cell viability and migration of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Methods: The assays were conducted on commercially obtained eukaryotic cells: human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and mouse fibroblasts (L929). For cytotoxicity assessment, HaCaT cells were exposed to the adhesive extravasation after screwing the abutment-implant assembly, and L929 cells were placed in contact with medium conditioned with the adhesive at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0%. Cell viability was measured using the MTT reduction test, and migration was assessed with the scratch assay in L929 cells. Relative cytotoxic potential was determined with a negative control set at 100% viability. ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc analysis was performed. Results: The evaluated anaerobic adhesive exhibited cytotoxic potential, especially in L929 fibroblasts. Cell migration was significantly reduced in mouse fibroblasts. Conclusion: This study indicates that, although the adhesive application is limited to the threads of abutment screws and is handled responsibly, further studies are needed before recommending the use of anaerobic adhesive in Implantology due to its cytotoxic activity.

Keywords: Biomechanics, dental implants, cell survival, cell viability, cell migration assay